{"id":1044,"date":"2026-03-25T12:18:42","date_gmt":"2026-03-25T12:18:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vn\/state-diagram-mastery-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-03-25T12:18:42","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T12:18:42","slug":"state-diagram-mastery-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vn\/state-diagram-mastery-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i: Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i sang t\u1ef1 tin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c quan n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, logic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i kh\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 m\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u00e2ng cao v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf lu\u1ed3ng giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hay b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd giao th\u1ee9c ph\u00eda m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Chalkboard-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \ud83e\udde9<\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. M\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

1. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c quan, ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt bo tr\u00f2n. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eef ch\u1ed7; ch\u00fang h\u00e0m \u00fd c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00eam.<\/li>\n
  • Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n
  • Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/li>\n
  • Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u1ebft th\u00fac:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec1n k\u00e9p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

    C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. M\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0129nh. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    3. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, tin nh\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea g\u1ea7n m\u0169i t\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

    4. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

    Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi l\u00fac. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c khi v\u00e0o\/ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/th>\nCh\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/th>\nBi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/strong><\/td>\nX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt bo tr\u00f2n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/td>\nN\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i; x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n<\/td>\nM\u0169i t\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/td>\nK\u00edch ho\u1ea1t cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\nV\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean m\u0169i t\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/td>\nV\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c vu\u00f4ng [ ]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/td>\nHo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\nV\u0103n b\u1ea3n sau d\u1ea5u g\u1ea1ch ch\u00e9o \/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

    Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

    Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n

    M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p. B\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i song song ho\u1eb7c tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5u tr\u1ef1c quan b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi li\u00ean quan l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

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    • Ph\u00e2n r\u00e3:<\/strong> Chia m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/li>\n
    • B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh:<\/strong> Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cha cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con.<\/li>\n
    • V\u00e0o\/ra:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u1edf c\u1ea5p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      V\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c giao<\/h3>\n

      n<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u00f4i khi, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang s\u1ea1c trong khi hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c giao cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i song song trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p duy nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1eeb V\u00f9ng A v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1eeb V\u00f9ng B c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/p>\n

      Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h3>\n

      Khi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb tho\u00e1t ra v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quay l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng thay v\u00ec kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con ban \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u0169i t\u00ean h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

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      • L\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u00e2u:<\/strong> Quay l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n
      • L\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00f4ng:<\/strong> Quay l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

        Logic c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a k\u00e9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn deadlock ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

        \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/h3>\n

        M\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00eam logic v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. Ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 sai, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

        V\u00ed d\u1ee5: M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

        \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i? C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c khi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
        • H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ra:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c khi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
        • H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c thi:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

          M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1eefu \u00edch theo th\u1eddi gian, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

          1. Quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean<\/h3>\n

          T\u00ean n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. Tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 “ST1<\/code>” g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn so v\u1edbi “ProcessingOrder<\/code>. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng danh t\u1eeb cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb cho c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i khi th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

          2. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft<\/h3>\n

          \u0110\u1eebng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 duy nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf. H\u00e3y h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bao tr\u00f9m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

          3. Tr\u00e1nh logic d\u1ea1ng m\u00ec spaghetti<\/h3>\n

          C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00ean ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng giao nhau li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean quan. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i ra, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chia n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i con.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/th>\nTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t<\/th>\nTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u00e9m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          S\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/td>\nC\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/td>\nC\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Lu\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nC\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn logic<\/td>\nC\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp giao nhau ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/td>\nC\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n<\/strong><\/td>\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t<\/td>\nTr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea1m b\u1eaby ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh ch\u00fang \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

          Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1eafc l\u1ed7i. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1edbm gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n

          Ch\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

          Ch\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 thi, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u1ebft th\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n. Lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u1ebft th\u00fac ho\u1eb7c quay l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn<\/h3>\n

          N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n

          N\u1ebfu hai chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1edfi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecdn chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0o. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

          B\u1ecf qua x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i<\/h3>\n

          H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cho vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd. \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra su\u00f4n s\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u00e2ng cao cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \ud83d\ude80<\/h2>\n

          Khi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u0103ng l\u00ean, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quy m\u00f4 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

          Ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n

          S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p. N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cha. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

          S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i l\u00ean<\/h3>\n

          Trong m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cha. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p chia s\u1ebb h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd logic chung tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

          T\u00ednh song song<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c giao cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i duy nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t\u0110ang ph\u00e1t<\/code> tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u0110\u1ec7m<\/code> tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi tri\u1ec3n khai \ud83d\udcbb<\/h2>\n

          Khi bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 sang m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

          T\u1ea1o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u1ed7i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng. H\u00e3y xem l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

          Tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

          Khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t enum. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh switch. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

          S\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

          Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. N\u1ebfu m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi c\u00f2n t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00ec ch\u00fang g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u00e3y coi bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

          Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83e\uddea<\/h2>\n

          Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c h\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c minh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i:<\/strong>X\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i qua.<\/li>\n
          • \u0110\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n
          • Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean:<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n
          • Kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c:<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a \ud83c\udfc1<\/h2>\n

            X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang bu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

            H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p khi c\u1ea7n. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t logic m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1045,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 tin","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[40,41],"class_list":["post-1044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-state-machine-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 tin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vn\/state-diagram-mastery-guide\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 tin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh. 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