{"id":976,"date":"2026-04-12T22:58:16","date_gmt":"2026-04-12T22:58:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vi\/monolith-to-microservices-communication-diagrams\/"},"modified":"2026-04-12T22:58:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-12T22:58:16","slug":"monolith-to-microservices-communication-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vi\/monolith-to-microservices-communication-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eeb Monolith \u0111\u1ebfn Microservices: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 L\u00ean K\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1ch Chuy\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed5i"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac monolithic sang m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh microservices ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n; m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong khi nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tri\u1ec3n khai, b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 UML, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u1ea9n, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 n\u00e0o. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n duy nh\u1ea5t sang m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

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\"Infographic<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\ud83e\udde9 Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng Monolith<\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng monolithic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tri\u1ec3n khai duy nh\u1ea5t, n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m c\u00f9ng nhau. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, giao ti\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c truy c\u1eadp b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb chung.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd:<\/strong>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau. M\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t module c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng module kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  • C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chung:<\/strong>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 duy nh\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/li>\n
  • M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
  • Tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri\u1ec3n khai l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Khi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp, bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

    \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 Microservices<\/h2>\n

    Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac microservices nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed7i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh doanh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft cao trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
    • D\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi t\u1eadp trung:<\/strong>M\u1ed7i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i chung.<\/li>\n
    • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng:<\/strong>S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd lan sang c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
    • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi then ch\u1ed1t:\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u00ean giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/em><\/p>\n

      \ud83d\udcca So s\u00e1nh C\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1i Ki\u1ebfn Tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\nTr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Monolith<\/th>\nTr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Microservices<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Giao ti\u1ebfp<\/strong><\/td>\nG\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9<\/td>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ng (HTTP\/RPC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chung<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ri\u00eang cho t\u1eebng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mi\u1ec1n l\u1ed7i<\/strong><\/td>\nTo\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\nC\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tri\u1ec3n khai<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec<\/td>\nT\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/strong><\/td>\nCao (Nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i)<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      \ud83c\udfaf T\u1ea1i sao s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n

      S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Ch\u00fang nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng tin nh\u1eafn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

      1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1\u8026 h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n

      Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng monolith, s\u1ef1\u8026 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ef1c quan c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a tin nh\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 A g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 B, v\u00e0 D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 B g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i tin nh\u1eafn cho D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 A \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi microservices.<\/p>\n

      2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi<\/h3>\n

      S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p duy nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u1ed9p n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

      3. Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/h3>\n

      Microservices mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng tin nh\u1eafn song song. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

      \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n

      L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trung t\u00e2m trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo.<\/p>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n

      B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng monolith hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u1eebng b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t v\u00e0o t\u1eebng l\u1edbp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3; h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i API).<\/li>\n
      • Theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
      • Ghi ch\u00fa n\u01a1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi.<\/li>\n
      • Nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u01a1i logic ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111an xen v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/h3>\n

        Sau khi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. T\u00ecm c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n lu\u1ed3ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u01b0\u1edbng mi\u1ec1n:<\/strong>Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo mi\u1ec1n kinh doanh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Thanh to\u00e1n, Kho h\u00e0ng, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng).<\/li>\n
        • Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean:<\/strong>Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
        • T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h3>\n

          V\u1ebd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n (h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng) m\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng tin nh\u1eafn (Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\/Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i).<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3m tra x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n
          • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n

            So s\u00e1nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0o b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t? Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1edbi n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u? Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi API kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
            • C\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n chung n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
            • C\u00f3 ranh gi\u1edbi giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 sang ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \ud83d\udd17 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/h2>\n

              M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang microservices l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ‘h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u1ea7m’ s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 khi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

              Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n

              Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1eef k\u00fd tin nh\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 A g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn ‘CreateOrder’ \u0111\u1ebfn D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 B, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

              Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n

              C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong URL kh\u00f4ng? M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tin nh\u1eafn c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u00f3a URL:<\/strong> \/v1\/orders so v\u1edbi \/v2\/orders.<\/li>\n
              • Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u00f3a ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1:<\/strong> Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 Accept-Version.<\/li>\n
              • Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3:<\/strong>Th\u00eam c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0o tin nh\u1eafn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u26a0\ufe0f Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n

                Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1eaby trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

                Sai l\u1ea7m 1: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n<\/h3>\n

                \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t logic. Ch\u00fang v\u1eabn g\u1ecdi nhau theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111ang l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i, tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

                Sai l\u1ea7m 2: Chia nh\u1ecf qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/h3>\n

                T\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. N\u1ebfu s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi ba d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Gom nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp m\u1ea1ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

                Sai l\u1ea7m 3: B\u1ecf qua t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/h3>\n

                C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u-ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i s\u1ebd b\u1ecf qua th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. H\u00e3y bao g\u1ed3m tin nh\u1eafn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eafng nghe s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

                \ud83d\udd04 C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/h2>\n

                S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Xem x\u00e9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint:<\/strong>Khi th\u00eam t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
                • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi:<\/strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u lu\u1ed3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
                • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/strong>Khi x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i, h\u00e3y theo d\u00f5i lu\u1ed3ng tin nh\u1eafn trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \ud83d\udcc8 C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t khi tri\u1ec3n khai<\/h2>\n

                  Khi b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch sang tri\u1ec3n khai, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

                  \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n

                  Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3, m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi h\u00e0m m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i nanosecond. Trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac microservice, m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i mili gi\u00e2y. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 n\u01a1i n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ec1n ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n

                  T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

                  Giao d\u1ecbch ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 n\u01a1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u01a1i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao d\u1ecbch hai pha, sagas hay ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

                  Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

                  Khi c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 giao ti\u1ebfp qua m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i tin nh\u1eafn n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t ID li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                  \ud83e\udd1d \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h2>\n

                  Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5:<\/strong> H\u1ecd s\u1edf h\u1eefu h\u1ed9p trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111i v\u00e0o\/ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3.<\/li>\n
                  • \u0110\u1ed9i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong> H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
                  • \u0110\u1ed9i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (QA):<\/strong> H\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p bao ph\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Khi m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham v\u1ea5n. N\u1ebfu D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 A thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra, D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 B v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o \u1edf ph\u00eda sau c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n

                    \ud83d\ude80 Ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n

                    S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 sang vi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tinh ch\u1ec9nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 ranh gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3; m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

                    \ud83d\udcdd T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n
                      \n
                    • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Ghi l\u1ea1i lu\u1ed3ng giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/li>\n
                    • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi:<\/strong> Gom c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
                    • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
                    • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/li>\n
                    • L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n
                    • Duy tr\u00ec t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch mong mu\u1ed1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac monolithic sang m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh microservices ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":977,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5: L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 sang vi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[40,55],"class_list":["post-976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-communication-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5: L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 giao ti\u1ebfp trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ec3 sang vi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. 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