{"id":946,"date":"2026-03-21T19:37:54","date_gmt":"2026-03-21T19:37:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vi\/handling-asynchronous-processes-flow-diagrams\/"},"modified":"2026-03-21T19:37:54","modified_gmt":"2026-03-21T19:37:54","slug":"handling-asynchronous-processes-flow-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vi\/handling-asynchronous-processes-flow-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn DFD: X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Hand-drawn<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y, minh h\u1ecda lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin thay v\u00ec lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n. Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. S\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian \ud83d\udd52<\/h2>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c thi. C\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ch\u1edd t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh A g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh B, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh A s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh B ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem s\u1ebd cho r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ch\u1eb7n khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n logic kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u01a1i lu\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t khi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb \u201c\u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u201d sang \u201c\u0111ang x\u1eed l\u00fd\u201d.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eedi bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng sau \u0111\u00f3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, c\u00f2n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh logic.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u DFD ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u b\u1ed5 sung. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd gi\u1eef c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c s\u1eafc th\u00e1i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i tin nh\u1eafn. Thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh A sang qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh B, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u1ea5y n\u00f3.<\/li>\n
  • M\u0169i t\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u m\u0169i t\u00ean ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi lu\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1eddi gian:<\/strong>Th\u00eam nh\u00e3n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1edbi lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd. Trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c suy ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trung gian ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u00ean kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u201cH\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cS\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111ang ch\u1edd\u201d, ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c cho th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

    C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i qu\u00e1 xa s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u0111\u1ecdc s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, trong khi h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00eam tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, gi\u00fap s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1ec5 quan s\u00e1t h\u01a1n. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t ch\u00fa th\u00edch ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1 thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/th>\nK\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n<\/th>\nBi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9<\/th>\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt bo g\u00f3c<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3<\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 ra vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt m\u1edf<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt m\u1edf c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n \u201cH\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i\u201d<\/td>\nNg\u1ee5 \u00fd vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng<\/td>\nH\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia ch\u1edbp<\/td>\nCh\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nM\u0169i t\u00ean li\u1ec1n<\/td>\nM\u0169i t\u00ean g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5m<\/td>\nG\u1ee3i \u00fd giao ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ec3u g\u1eedi \u0111i v\u00e0 qu\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5m, h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5m cho x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

    Khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y song song ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5, t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0 n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc. Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thao t\u00e1c ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung gian. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng? Hay n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn? C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 kh\u00f3a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n gi\u00fap l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

    H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi sau khi giao d\u1ecbch ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao d\u1ecbch ghi v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadt k\u00fd ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u giao d\u1ecbch, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00fang. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c logic sai.<\/p>\n

    Tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111a c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \ud83d\udcc4<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u0103ng nhanh khi x\u1eed l\u00fd logic b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ea5p cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t cho \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111i s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 1, ta th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh \u201cX\u00e1c th\u1ef1c\u201d, \u201cH\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i\u201d, v\u00e0 \u201cGiao h\u00e0ng\u201d. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cH\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i\u201d.<\/p>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111en. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 trung gian th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ea7n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

    Khi li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 1, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 2 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh con x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

    T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. M\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u201c\u0110ang ch\u1edd\u201d sang \u201c\u0110ang x\u1eed l\u00fd\u201d r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cHo\u00e0n t\u1ea5t\u201d. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111i k\u00e8m.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ghi ch\u00fa c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n tr\u00ean m\u0169i t\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u201cTr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i: \u0110ang ch\u1edd\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng theo d\u00f5i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ngay c\u1ea3 khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh \u0111ang ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

    T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u00ec sao? D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng? Hay n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang kho th\u01b0 r\u00e1c? Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i n\u00e0y v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

    Tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i \ud83d\udce5<\/h2>\n

    H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t cho t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch g\u00e2y m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ng\u0103n x\u1ebfp \u01b0u ti\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5m ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn logic. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i FIFO \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, trong khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

    N\u1ebfu th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng, h\u00e3y ghi nh\u00e3n kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u201cH\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i FIFO\u201d. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, h\u00e3y ghi nh\u00e3n l\u00e0 \u201cH\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean\u201d. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00eda sau x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i FIFO c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00f3a h\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ea7y? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c ghi ch\u00fa. H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 s\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ng\u0103n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    Xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n logic \ud83d\udd0d<\/h2>\n

    Sau khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t logic. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u? C\u00f3 chu tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n?<\/p>\n

    Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh A ch\u1edd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh B, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh B ch\u1edd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh A. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9t. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u1eeb A sang B r\u1ed3i quay l\u1ea1i A l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

    Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c quan ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

    Tinh ch\u1ec9nh theo t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i c\u0169 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u00fap t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, v\u1ed1n d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n

    Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, h\u00e3y c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u00edch v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00fa. N\u1ebfu th\u00eam bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1eefu \u00edch. N\u1ebfu s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, n\u00f3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh: giao ti\u1ebfp. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/p>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecf s\u00f3t. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

    Suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \ud83c\udf1f<\/h2>\n

    X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m cho \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng mili gi\u00e2y th\u1ef1c thi, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac logic c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

    Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u01a1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DFD) cung…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":947,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[40,45],"class_list":["post-946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-flow-diagram","tag-academic","tag-data-flow-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\nX\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. 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