{"id":679,"date":"2026-03-28T11:30:32","date_gmt":"2026-03-28T11:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vi\/complete-guide-uml-diagrams-software-design\/"},"modified":"2026-03-28T11:30:32","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T11:30:32","slug":"complete-guide-uml-diagrams-software-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.visualize-ai.com\/vi\/complete-guide-uml-diagrams-software-design\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML cho C\u00e1c D\u1ef1 \u00e1n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, giao ti\u1ebfp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (OOAD) ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a \u0110\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t (UML) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t n\u00e0y, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

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\"Child's<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec3u R\u00f5 C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a UML \ud83e\udde0<\/h2>\n

UML kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec b\u1edfi Nh\u00f3m Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (OMG), UML \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c quan gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

Khi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n hay c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, UML cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3: C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so v\u1edbi H\u00e0nh vi \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh: C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh vi. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

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  • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 n\u00fat.<\/li>\n
  • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 H\u00e0nh vi:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1eddi gian, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\nLo\u1ea1i S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/th>\nM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1edbp<\/td>\nHi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nB\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/td>\nT\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p cao c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tri\u1ec3n khai<\/td>\nKi\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/td>\nC\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nLogic quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\nS\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/td>\nC\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Ch\u00fang gi\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean khi logic ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

    1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp \ud83d\udce6<\/h3>\n

    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong UML. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh:<\/strong>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 userName<\/code>, price<\/code>).<\/li>\n
    • Thao t\u00e1c:<\/strong>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0m c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho l\u1edbp (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 calculateTotal()<\/code>).<\/li>\n
    • M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7:<\/strong>\n
        \n
      • Li\u00ean k\u1ebft:<\/em>M\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t Student<\/code>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Course<\/code>).<\/li>\n
      • K\u1ebf th\u1eeba:<\/em> T\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/code> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean<\/code>).<\/li>\n
      • T\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p:<\/em> M\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u201cto\u00e0n th\u1ec3-ph\u1ea7n\u201d trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/li>\n
      • Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<\/em> M\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        2. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \ud83d\uddbc\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

        Trong khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, th\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p nhanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111i k\u00e8m d\u1ea5u hai ch\u1ea5m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng: John<\/code>).<\/li>\n
        • C\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp.<\/li>\n
        • Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: John.tu\u1ed5i = 30<\/code>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u2699\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

          S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4-\u0111un c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao b\u1ecdc ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
          • C\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n nh\u1ecf (cung c\u1ea5p) ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng que k\u1eb9o (y\u00eau c\u1ea7u).<\/li>\n
          • C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            4. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai \ud83d\udda5\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

            S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c n\u00fat ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 DevOps \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • C\u00e1c n\u00fat \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o.<\/li>\n
            • C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u00fat.<\/li>\n
            • C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u00fat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0nh vi: Ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

              C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0nh vi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c x\u1ea3y ra trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

              5. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \ud83c\udfaf<\/h3>\n

              C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c) v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng que. Ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
              • Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh elip. Ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n
              • M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7:<\/strong>\n
                  \n
                • Li\u00ean k\u1ebft:<\/em>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
                • Bao g\u1ed3m:<\/em>M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
                • M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/em>M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn cho m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  6. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \ud83d\udcc5<\/h3>\n

                  C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang ghi l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i tin nh\u1eafn theo th\u1eddi gian. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • D\u00e2y \u0111\u1eddi:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
                  • Tin nh\u1eafn:<\/strong>C\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
                  • Thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt tr\u00ean d\u00e2y \u0111\u1eddi cho th\u1ea5y khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
                  • C\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ed9p c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n nh\u01b0alt<\/code> (thay th\u1ebf),opt<\/code> (t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn), ho\u1eb7cloop<\/code>\u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n logic lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    7. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \ud83d\udea6<\/h3>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh ho\u1eb7c logic b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • N\u00fat kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1eadm th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
                    • Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt bo tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc trong quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
                    • N\u00fat quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh thoi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho logic nh\u00e1nh (C\u00f3\/Kh\u00f4ng).<\/li>\n
                    • Chia nh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong> C\u00e1c thanh ngang d\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
                    • N\u00fat k\u1ebft th\u00fac:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m \u1edf b\u00ean trong th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      8. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83d\udd01<\/h3>\n

                      S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
                      • Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u00e3n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
                      • \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7:<\/strong> C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c logic ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n
                      • H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o\/ra:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Ch\u1ecdn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n

                        M\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ecdi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bloat t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> Hi\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
                        • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh vi.<\/li>\n
                        • Tinh ch\u1ec9nh logic b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp.<\/li>\n
                        • Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>H\u1eefu \u00edch cho logic kinh doanh tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp.<\/li>\n
                        • B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong>C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

                          T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a khi duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh UML. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eabn h\u1eefu \u00edch theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
                          • Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u00f4n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt:<\/strong>C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi c\u00f2n t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ch\u00fang m\u1ed7i khi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
                          • Tr\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang l\u1ebb trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
                          • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng tr\u1eafng:<\/strong>S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 r\u1ed1i ren r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
                          • Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. L\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u00fang trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                            Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u1eaby l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a UML.<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lan r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>T\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
                            • B\u1ecf qua b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh:<\/strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4 l\u1eadp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
                            • Qu\u00e1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p khi nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7. Gi\u1eef cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
                            • M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ec7ch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              T\u00edch h\u1ee3p UML v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh Agile \ud83d\ude80<\/h2>\n

                              UML th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, ki\u1ec3u th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Agile. \u0110i\u1ec1u then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ‘t\u1ee9c th\u00ec’.<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • V\u1ebd ph\u00e1c:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ph\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
                              • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng danh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t sprint.<\/li>\n
                              • T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb:<\/strong>Ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i hi\u1ec3u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/li>\n
                              • M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n tin c\u1eady cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng:<\/strong>Trong Agile, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. UML n\u00ean h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h2>\n

                                Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o UML \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

                                Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eebng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u00e9p ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y trang gi\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, giao ti\u1ebfp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (OOAD) ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":680,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \ud83d\udcd0","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML cho OOAD. H\u1ecdc khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1edbp, S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[40,43],"class_list":["post-679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-object-oriented-analysis-and-design","tag-academic","tag-object-oriented-analysis-and-design"],"yoast_head":"\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \ud83d\udcd0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML cho OOAD. 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